| Phrasal verb | Significato | Esempio |
|---|---|---|
| get up ★senza complemento | alzarsi (dal letto) | I get up at seven every day. |
| wake up ★senza complemento | svegliarsi | I usually wake up before my alarm. |
| go out ★senza complemento | uscire (a divertirsi) | Shall we go out tonight? |
| come back ★senza complemento | tornare | When are you coming back from Spain? |
| sit down ★senza complemento | sedersi | Please sit down and relax. |
| stand upsenza complemento | alzarsi in piedi | Everyone stood up when she came in. |
| put on ★separabile | mettersi (un vestito) | Put your coat on, it's cold outside. |
| take off ★separabile | togliersi; decollare | Please take off your shoes. |
| turn on ★separabile | accendere | Can you turn on the light, please? |
| turn off ★separabile | spegnere | Don't forget to turn off the TV. |
| turn upseparabile | alzare il volume; presentarsi | Turn the music up, I love this song! |
| turn down ★separabile | abbassare; rifiutare | She turned down the job offer. |
| pick up ★separabile | raccogliere; andare a prendere | I'll pick you up at the station. |
| eat outsenza complemento | mangiare fuori | We eat out once a week. |
| tidy upseparabile | riordinare | Tidy up your room before dinner. |
| wash upsenza complemento | lavare i piatti | It's your turn to wash up tonight. |
| throw awayseparabile | buttare via | Don't throw away that box, I need it. |
| lie downsenza complemento | sdraiarsi | I need to lie down for a minute. |
| hurry upsenza complemento | sbrigarsi | Hurry up, we're going to be late! |
| dress upsenza complemento | vestirsi eleganti; travestirsi | We dressed up for the wedding. |
| get on (with)senza complemento | andare d'accordo | I get on really well with my neighbours. |
| fall out (with)senza complemento | litigare | They fell out over money. |
| break up ★senza complemento | lasciarsi | Tom and Anna broke up last month. |
| make upseparabile | fare pace; inventare | They argued, but they made up the next day. |
| ask outseparabile | chiedere di uscire | He finally asked her out. |
| look after ★non separabile | prendersi cura di | Can you look after my cat this weekend? |
| grow up ★senza complemento | crescere | I grew up in a small town near Naples. |
| bring upseparabile | crescere (un figlio); sollevare (un argomento) | She was brought up by her grandparents. |
| take afternon separabile | assomigliare a (un parente) | He really takes after his father. |
| let downseparabile | deludere | Please don't let me down this time. |
| count onnon separabile | contare su | You can always count on me. |
| hang outsenza complemento | passare il tempo (con gli amici) | We hung out at the beach all day. |
| catch upsenza complemento | recuperare; aggiornarsi | Let's meet for a coffee and catch up. |
| show offsenza complemento | mettersi in mostra | Stop showing off, nobody is impressed. |
| look up ★separabile | cercare (in un dizionario) | Look the word up in the dictionary. |
| find out ★separabile | scoprire | I found out the truth yesterday. |
| work out ★separabile | risolvere; allenarsi | I can't work out the answer to this problem. |
| figure outseparabile | capire come | I can't figure out how this machine works. |
| fill in ★separabile | compilare | Please fill in this form. |
| hand inseparabile | consegnare | Hand in your homework by Friday. |
| give up ★separabile | smettere; rinunciare | She gave up smoking last year. |
| carry on ★senza complemento | continuare | Carry on, you're doing great! |
| go on ★senza complemento | succedere; andare avanti | What's going on here? |
| set upseparabile | avviare (un'azienda); preparare | She set up her own company in 2020. |
| take overseparabile | rilevare, subentrare | A big company took over our firm. |
| put off ★separabile | rimandare | Don't put off your homework until Sunday. |
| call offseparabile | annullare | The match was called off because of the rain. |
| deal withnon separabile | occuparsi di | Don't worry, I'll deal with it tomorrow. |
| come up withnon separabile | farsi venire (un'idea) | She came up with a brilliant idea. |
| point outseparabile | far notare | He pointed out a mistake in my report. |
| sort outseparabile | sistemare | We need to sort out this mess. |
| run out (of) ★senza complemento | rimanere senza | We've run out of milk. |
| keep up (with)senza complemento | stare al passo | Slow down, I can't keep up! |
| brush up (on)senza complemento | ripassare | I need to brush up on my English before the trip. |
| drop outsenza complemento | abbandonare gli studi | He dropped out of university after a year. |
| take upseparabile | iniziare (un hobby) | I've just taken up yoga. |
| set off ★senza complemento | partire, mettersi in viaggio | We set off early in the morning. |
| check in ★senza complemento | fare il check-in | We checked in at the hotel at two. |
| check outsenza complemento | lasciare la camera | You have to check out by eleven. |
| get on ★non separabile | salire (su autobus, treno) | Get on the bus at the next stop. |
| get off ★non separabile | scendere (da autobus, treno) | Get off at the third stop. |
| get insenza complemento | salire (in macchina) | Get in, I'll drive you home. |
| get outsenza complemento | scendere (dalla macchina) | Get out of the car slowly. |
| drop offseparabile | lasciare (qualcuno da qualche parte) | Can you drop me off at the station? |
| look forward to ★non separabile | non vedere l'ora di | I'm looking forward to the holidays. |
| get awaysenza complemento | staccare (in vacanza); scappare | We need to get away for a few days. |
| stop oversenza complemento | fare scalo | We stopped over in Dubai on the way to Bali. |
| break down ★senza complemento | guastarsi | Our car broke down on the motorway. |
| calm down ★senza complemento | calmarsi | Calm down, it's not a big deal. |
| cheer upsenza complemento | tirarsi su | Cheer up! It's not the end of the world. |
| get overnon separabile | riprendersi da | It took her weeks to get over the flu. |
| put up withnon separabile | sopportare | I can't put up with this noise any more. |
| look outsenza complemento | stare attento | Look out! There's a car coming. |
| give insenza complemento | cedere | He finally gave in and bought her a puppy. |
| run intonon separabile | incontrare per caso | I ran into an old friend at the supermarket. |
| come acrossnon separabile | trovare per caso | I came across some old photos in the attic. |
| go offsenza complemento | suonare (sveglia); andare a male | My alarm went off at six. |
| mix upseparabile | confondere | I always mix up the twins' names. |
| end upsenza complemento | finire per | We ended up sleeping at the airport. |
| turn outsenza complemento | rivelarsi | It turned out that he was right. |
| call back ★separabile | richiamare | I'll call you back in ten minutes. |
| hang upsenza complemento | riattaccare | Don't hang up, I'm still here! |
| hold on ★senza complemento | aspettare un attimo | Hold on, I'll get him for you. |
| speak upsenza complemento | parlare più forte | Could you speak up, please? I can't hear you. |
| get through (to)senza complemento | riuscire a parlare (al telefono) | I couldn't get through to the bank this morning. |
| tell offseparabile | sgridare | The teacher told him off for being late. |
| talk intoseparabile | convincere a fare | She talked me into going to the party. |
| look for ★non separabile | cercare | I'm looking for my keys. |
| look intonon separabile | esaminare, indagare | The police are looking into the case. |
| shut upsenza complemento | stare zitto (scortese) | Oh, shut up! (very rude) |
I tre tipi di phrasal verbs
- Separabili (turn on, pick up, give up): il complemento può stare in mezzo o alla fine: turn on the light / turn the light on. Se il complemento è un pronome, deve stare in mezzo: turn it on, mai “turn on it”.
- Non separabili (look after, get over, look for): il complemento va sempre alla fine: I look after my sister, I look after her.
- Senza complemento (get up, break down, grow up): The car broke down.
Cosa significano le particelle più comuni?
- up – verso l'alto, fino in fondo, di più: stand up, tidy up, turn up.
- down – verso il basso, di meno: sit down, calm down, turn down.
- out – fuori, fino alla fine, scoperta: go out, run out, find out.
- off – partenza, spegnimento: set off, turn off, take off.
- on – accensione, continuazione: turn on, carry on, go on.
- back – ritorno: come back, call back.
Sono solo indizi: molti phrasal verbs hanno un significato che non si indovina dalle parti (give up non è “dare su”). Per questo conviene impararli in frasi intere. Altri esempi, spiegazioni ed esercizi sono nella guida phrasal verbs – i più usati con significato ed esempi, e le forme dei verbi nel trainer dei verbi irregolari (gave up, broke down, grew up).
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